Holy Week is a period in the Christian calendar that commemorates the passion, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. This celebration dates back to approximately the 2nd century AD and is one of the most important religious traditions in countries where the Catholic faith predominates. Generally, the most significant days are Maundy Thursday and Good Friday, which are usually public holidays in many countries, although in some places the entire week is observed with religious celebrations, processions, and liturgical services.
Over time, Holy Week traditions have evolved and are celebrated in different ways according to each country's culture. Although the religious significance remains the same, each region incorporates its own customs, such as processions, religious reenactments, or family gatherings that are part of this time of year.
The liturgical schedule for Holy Week is similar around the world, as each day commemorates a specific moment in the final events of Jesus Christ's life. From Palm Sunday, which marks his entry into Jerusalem, to Easter Sunday, the celebrations follow a sequence that recalls the central events of Christian tradition.
Palm Sunday
Holy Week begins on Palm Sunday, the day on which Jesus enters mounted on a donkey in a triumphant way to Jerusalem, where he was acclaimed and received with olive branches by the crowd that recognized him as the Son of God. This day is the end of Lent and the beginning of Holy Week.
In the celebration of this day, people usually carry olive bouquets to remember this event and for them to be blessed and so palm crosses can be made to be put behind the doors or next to the crucifixes and religious images.
Holy Monday to Holy Wednesday
Between Monday and Wednesday there isn’t a celebration of the same magnitude to that held on the other dates. However, the masses are permanent throughout each day, although these days are not holidays and there are few people who have the day off. These dates are famous, especially Wednesday, for being the moment when Judas Iscariot meets with the Sanhedrin to sell Jesus.
Holy Thursday
Thursday is remembered as the Last Supper, the night Jesus met with his disciples for the last time and informed them about how he will be condemned because of the betrayal of one of them. During this celebration Jesus is captured and taken under the dominions of Pontius Pilate. It is a very renowned scene throughout the year but that undoubtedly in Holy Week takes on more importance and is devoted much more time and detail. Holy Thursday is also very famous for being the day Leonardo da Vinci portrayed the image of the Last Supper in the 15th century.
Holy Friday
Undoubtedly, Friday is the peak day of Holy Week. It is the day when Jesus, after being captured and tortured, dies on the cross with two thieves. The story tells that Jesus died at 3 in the afternoon, moment when the earth was in total darkness for 3 days, confirming to those who doubted his word that he was really the son of God.
The via crucis is an activity composed of 14 stations where 14 moments are reflected from when Jesus is sentenced to death until he finally dies. In each one, a reference is made to a specific fact of this journey towards the cross, making a reading and the respective prayer. The via crucis is made in a group of several people where representations of the cross or images of the virgin and other saints are also usually carried.
Holy Friday is the saddest day of Holy Week and the atmosphere among Catholics is towards this feeling, especially after 3 in the afternoon. It is a day not to go out to the street after this time and to spend this painful moment at home and in family.
Holy Saturday
On Saturday the pain of Christ's death continues, but with the hope of the resurrection expected for the next day. This date is known for the ceremony of water and light, an extensive meeting at night that takes place in the dark to be able to bless the candles that are lit and the water that is carried. During this celebration, and through the elements that are carried away, the resurrection of Christ is represented, as he comes to life on the third day after being crucified, as he had warned before he died.
Easter Sunday
The happiest day and the essence of Holy Week. The day they went to look for Jesus in the tomb and discover he was gone, only his mantle and the robes with which he had been wrapped remain. Christ rose again, after having died to pay for all the sins of mankind. With this, Holy Week culminates, being the time for people to reflect, repent of their sins, reunite as a family and above all remember the history and events that are part of the Catholic religion.